STUDY ON DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF SHIPPING CENTERS AND TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS IN THE YELLOW SEA RIM IN THE YELLOW SEA RIM

It is very important to establish cooperative mechanism to guarantee all members to develop their e-conomies in the Yellow Sea Rim. In this paper, the development strategies ofshipplng centers and transportation networkare discussed based on economic giobalization tendency. The results argue that a united transportation network should bebuilt in order to promote the economic competition of Northeast Asia in the world. As a key component of the economiccooperation, a hierarchical shipping centers network should be established with Hong Kong, Shanghai, Pusan, Koho,and Tokyo as cores. The authorities of China, Japan, R. O. Korea and D. P. B. Korea should make more efforts tobuild a set of cooperation institutions based on raising the transportation efficiency.     

大连港在建设东北亚国际航运中心中的作用

从国际航运中心发展来看，港口是航运中心建设的基础。我国提出：“充分利用东北地区现有港口条件和优势，把大连建设成东北亚重要的国际航运中心”，根据振兴东北老工业基地对大连港今后发展的要求，探讨了今后发展的指导思想、发展目标、基础设施和港口建设布局，并提出了对策和相应措施。     

试论洋山深水港与上海国际航运中心建设

建设国际航运中心是上海城市发展的宏伟目标之一。目前,围绕东北亚国际航运中心的竞争十分激烈,釜山、神户、高雄等港口均提出了明确的发展目标,并纷纷建设一系列深水集装箱泊位。本文以国际竞争态势为背景,着重分析了国际集装箱航运市场的最新动态、洋山深水港对建设上海国际航运中心的重要意义,并详细论证了强化上海国际航运中心功能的政策创新,探讨了优化上海国际航运中心营运水平的关键措施,为推进上海国际航运中心建设献计献策。     

Service contracts—An instrument of international logistics supply chain: Under United States and European Union regulatory frameworks

Service contracts have emerged as an important instrument to secure a long-term relationship between carriers in the container shipping industry and shippers requiring scheduled services covering a global market. This contract, entered into largely on an individual and confidential basis, continues to enjoy anti-trust immunity under current United States and European Union regulations. It will continue to be in place even after the EC Council Regulation 4056/86 is repealed in October 2008 although it may operate in a modified way because of the absence of the common external conference tariff. This article examines the implications of this instrument on the international supply chain and explores its future role in defining efficiencies in international trade flows.     

全球集装箱航运企业的航线网络格局及影响因素

采用船期表数据,以全球前20位航运企业中的18家为研究对象,剖析各企业航线网络的异同点,并探讨企业航线配置的影响因素。研究表明：各企业航线网络均具有小世界和无标度特征,东亚是航班的首要集聚区,并且均为轴辐连接与点对点连接并存的混合式网络;各企业航线网络的市场广度和深度各异,根据航班的空间分布特征可将企业划分为4种类型,其中高丽海运、汉堡南美、阿拉伯轮船和万海航运专注于特定区域的细分市场,且拥有不同于全球枢纽港的企业枢纽港;港口腹地货源、港口自然条件及作业效率、海运保护政策、企业自身能力等是影响企业航线布局的重要因素。本研究有助于揭示航运企业的航线组织模式,为港口管理者决策提供参考。     

Orchestrating transnational environmental governance in maritime shipping

Maritime shipping is the transmission belt of the global economy. It is also a major contributor to global environmental change through its under-regulated air, water and land impacts. It is puzzling that shipping is a lagging sector as it has a well-established global regulatory body—the International Maritime Organization. Drawing on original empirical evidence and archival data, we introduce a four-factor framework to investigate two main questions: why is shipping lagging in its environmental governance; and what is the potential for the International Maritime Organization to orchestrate emerging private ‘green shipping’ initiatives to achieve better ecological outcomes? Contributing to transnational governance theory, we find that conditions stalling regulatory progress include low environmental issue visibility, poor interest alignment, a broadening scope of environmental issues, and growing regulatory fragmentation and uncertainty. The paper concludes with pragmatic recommendations for the International Maritime Organization to acknowledge the regulatory difficulties and seize the opportunity to orchestrate environmental progress.     

Seasonal changes in sea ice conditions along the Northeast Passage in 2007 and 2012

Remote sensing data from passive microwave and satellite-based altimeters, associated with the data measured underway, were used to characterize seasonal and spatial changes in sea ice conditions along...     

北极航线战略利益争夺的博弈态势与中国对策

北极航线包括东北航线、西北航线与北冰洋中央的穿极航线。作为联结亚欧最短的航运线路,北极航线独有的战略地位与潜在开发价值已吸引北极域内外国家的关注并对北极区域作出战略倾斜,北极航线由此成为各国战略利益争夺的前线阵地。虽然北极航线由于其自身地缘特征实际为北极航线沿线国家所掌控,但航线自身的公共属性决定了其战略价值的“外溢”,北极域外国家在北极航线同样具有重要的国家利益。北极航线目前存在国际规则不成体系、国内法与国际规则相冲突等矛盾,俄罗斯与加拿大将东北航线与西北航线“内水化”是造成国内外规则冲突的根本因素。中国作为北半球航运大国,北极航线的开通将进一步推动我国进出口贸易以及保障我国石油能源安全储备,对我国具有重大战略意义。由此,提升北极航运的参与度,以“负责任大国”形象与北极国家合作的方式参与北极事务以维护本国航运利益,进而推动北极航运治理规则体系的完善,是适合现实参与北极航线实践的中国对策。     

浙江省入海河流概况和河海区域管理及河海划界相关问题的建议

简要介绍了浙江省钱塘江(含曹娥江)、甬江等5条主要入海河流的基本情况与河口整治和开发利用的情况以及河口区域管理的主要相关法规和机构.由于海洋管理客体的特殊性,河口区域海洋管理中的涉海主体矛盾不断增多,指出并分析了河口管理中存在的3个方面的具体问题以及解决河口区域管理中存在问题的若干思考.当前河口区域管理的不甚协调局面是由于历史短暂的海洋专门管理与传统大陆型管理存在脱节造成的.目前,政府对河口区域的管理正处于由传统向现代的转型期,要解决这个问题,一是理顺依据不一问题,二是做好各部门管理工作的衔接.各行政主管部门应依据有关法律法规的要求,既不能缺位,也不能越位,建立以协调为核心的科学化管理机制已成为当今迫切需要解决的问题.在河口区域中相对有效地解决河海划界的问题,本质上就是解决该区域的陆海分界问题,选择海岸线作为标准较为恰当.当前在河海划界问题上存在诸多误区,科学认识河海划界,正确把握海陆分界的实质,才能把河海划界的研究及其成果最大限度地应用到维护国家权益上,同时从法制型政府建设的角度,站在当地经济社会谋求更大发展空间的全局高度,在法律的框架内更为理性地分析和处理河海划界中出现的各种矛盾和问题,在这一过程中,建立健全陆地与海洋管理的协调机制是十分必要的.